American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Practice Exam

In the context of ethical guidelines surrounding patient confidentiality, breaking confidentiality is often justified when there is an imminent risk of harm to others. This situation occurs when a patient expresses intentions or plans to cause harm to another person. The ethical principle of beneficence, which emphasizes acting in the best interest of others, supports the necessity to intervene in order to prevent potential harm. Healthcare professionals have a duty not only to protect patient information but also to ensure the safety of individuals who may be at risk due to the patient's actions or intentions.

In contrast, the other situations outlined do not constitute valid justifications for breaching confidentiality. Consent from a family member does not authorize disclosure unless the patient has specifically allowed it. The method of payment for treatment is irrelevant to confidentiality concerns; confidentiality must be maintained regardless of who is covering costs. When a patient is unresponsive, while there may be challenges in communication, confidentiality remains intact, and actions must align with established legal and ethical standards regarding decision-making for incapacitated individuals.